Wednesday, May 30, 2012

Majority! (67)

     Capt. Pfile continues to catalog and analyze his cases: gas gangrene in a man's leg (he says he and Capt. Nigg didn't debride (remove all of the dead or infected tissue) enough of the wounds (4 perforating (bullet passes through) and 3 penetrating (bullet remains inside)) so they had to amputate); a combined scrotal and pelvic wound; and a lacerated (torn) kidney.  Then almost out of the blue came the long awaited promotion to major.
Newly promoted: Maj. Raymond Nethery, Maj. John Mihalick, 2nd Lt. Herrill (possibly with the Medical Administrative Corp) and Maj. Eugene Pfile

April 22, 1945  Up until 3 A.M. [he was officer of the day the night before, so had to treat any casualties that came in during the night].  Today (4 P.M.) the Col. handed Mihalick, Nethery and me our promotions.  Amazing.

April 23, 1945  Troops getting closer to Baguio.

April 24, 1945  Up until 1 A.M.  Large wound of abd. [abdominal] wall, not into peritoneum though it was bared for 6 inches! [In other words, it was long but shallow.]

April 25, 1945  Up until 3:30 A.M.  Did brain case - defect in temporal area [this part of the brain is involved with hearing, and I would assume it was an injury rather than a birth defect].  160 patients admitted.  Troops reached Baguio.  None win the European war pool this month [most of the 92nd bet on the date the war in Europe would be over]!

25 April '45
Dear Jack [son of Beth's sister],
     If the war in Europe doesn't end today, I won't win the 150 guilder [about $60] "pot"!  And it doesn't look as though I will.
Zeke the monkey who for a short while was an honorary member of the 92nd Evac

     Jack, you'd certainly enjoy the antics of Zeke, the pet monkey of one of our officers.  He certainly does the most amazing things.  There are 2 pups in the area also, and of all the rough and tumble scrambles they have.  The term "monkey business" takes on a new meaning after seeing Zeke perform. [More about Zeke later!]
     Every now and then some P-51's will buzz the hospital on their way to and from "work".  I can imagine what it would be like if they were strafing us.  The bullets would be the first indication of the planes, they fly so low and so fast.
     We continue to be busy, especially at night.  But the Japs are gradually being driven back.  Jap prisoners say they really fear our artillery and planes.  They are becoming discouraged, too, because none of their own planes show up in spite of promises.  I see quite a few Illinois men [Jack and his family live in Freeport, Illinois].
     Love, Eugene

From a newspaper:
AMERICANS GET READY FOR FINAL PUSH INTO BAGUIO
     Manila, April 25 - (A.P.) - Americans consolidated their Baguio positions Wednesday for a final push into the ruined summer capital of the Philippines while far to the south, on Mindanao island, other Yanks pressed on towards the Japanese stronghold of Davao.  Maj. Gen. Percy W. Clarkson's Thirty-third division held commanding positions in the pine-covered hills to the northwest, west and southwest of mile-high Baguio.  One column, moving down highway 9 from the northwest, was little more than a mile from the city center.
     A section of the road blown up by the defending Japanese was being repaired by engineers for the movement of heavy equipment.  ...
     Gen. Douglas MacArthur reported in Wednesday's communiqué that "the enemy has as yet been unable to concentrate his forces in effective resistance."  ...
    
April 26, 1945  Up to [until] 2:30 A.M.  We did 60 odd [i.e. 60 - 70] cases

Monday, May 28, 2012

Memories of the 92nd Evac (66)

     In 1974, 28 years after the 92nd Evacuation Hospital had been disbanded, almost half of the original members of that august group met again at a reunion in Wakeeney, Kansas, organized by their second chaplain, Father Kilian Dreiling.  They continued to meet every two or three years in Kansas, Colorado, Indiana, North Dakota, Kentucky, and Florida.  At each reunion there were fewer and fewer left, and dementia claimed of some of the remaining ones.  The last reunion was held in 2002 in Montana, and 11 veterans were able to attend.  Now no doctors or other officers are alive, only four nurses, and probably fewer than 10 enlisted men, according to nurse Althea Williams, or Little Willie as she was called in the 92nd.  I asked Little Willie for some of her recollections.
Capt. Eugene Pfile and 2nd Lt. Althea Williams on Owi
     Little Willie grew up in Colorado the youngest of three brothers and a sister.  She received her R.N in 1941 from Beth-El School of Nursing in Colorado Springs (now it is affiliated with Colorado University Colorado Springs), and shortly thereafter joined the Army Nurse Corps when the call came for volunteers.  She joined the group that later became the 92nd Evacuation Hospital while they were in the Desert Training Center.  She had a
connection with
Capt. Pfile: he had delivered her nephew in Trinidad, Colorado a couple of years earlier.  Later she had a connection with me: when I was pregnant with my daughter, I exercised in the swimming pool with Althea at her condominium.  After WWII she used the GI Bill to get her masters in Hospital Administration, rejoined the army, served in the Korean and Vietnam Wars, and at one time was one of the highest ranking women in the army, attaining the rank of Colonel.  Little Willie was a much-sought-after umpire during the softball games organized while the 92nd Evac was in Australia.  She maintained impartiality like all good umps (although Fr. Dreiling at the first reunion claimed she cheated for the enlisted men), so when Lt. Col. Robert Sterling, a good-looking young doctor with a good-sized ego, ignored a ball in the strike zone, she called it his third strike and he was out.  He was pretty upset.  A few years later an enlisted man with the 41st Infantry who had been watching the game recalled the incident to Little Willie and the soldiers around him with much glee. 
     Some doctors were moved around by the army, such as Gene's good friend, George Christie, who had made the mistake of taking some extra training in medical administration to fend off boredom at the Desert Training Center, and was sent to Hollandia when the others went to the Philippines.  The body of the hospital, though, was able to remain intact (the head was changed several times!), which led to a cohesiveness and loyalty that some of the other units never knew. 

Here are a few stories that were recorded in the booklet compiled by Ed Gray (Medical Administration Corps) for the 50th reunion of the 92nd Evac.  About twenty-five 92nd veterans attended.  My father, Gene Pfile, had regrettably passed away three years earlier, or some of his stories could have been included.
Gene Pfile and Ed Gray at the 1974 Reunion of the 92nd
Evacuation Hospital in Wakeeney, Kansas
     Some recollections of Dr. Joe Davis, who joined the 92nd as a 1st Lieutenant:
Speaking of being obnoxious, our Commanding Officer [while at the Desert Center] was a Lieutenant Colonel Matthews, a regular Army Officer, who did not particularly endear himself with the rest of us.  Many of the officers had wives in the Indio-Palm Springs area.  Once a week, on Friday mornings, we were allowed to ride into Indio in the 92nd's Carry-all, where we had two hours free time before the vehicle came back to camp.  Of course, the Colonel would go into town whenever he pleased to see his wife.  When we received our orders to go overseas, the Colonel developed an acute case of "Gangplank Fever" and turned himself into Tourney general Hospital in Palm Springs and we never heard of him again.  ...
     I served as receiving officer, in charge of admitting and discharging the patients.  One morning , we admitted a big black soldier from the Laundry Battalion at Fort Huachuka, Arizona.  Soon after he was admitted, he returned to the receiving tent, asking for a pass to go back to his outfit.  We told him that no passes were issued from our hospital, but he kept insisting that it was urgent that he be allowed to return for a short period.  He explained, "When I left this morning, I left all of my gear on my bunk.  If I don't go right back there, there will be nothing left.  Those guys back there are SOLDIERS man, they're SOLDIERS!  I gotta go!"  I gave him his pass. ...
     I remember Ed Gray making Jap flags by painting red circles on bed sheets with Mercurochrome and bartering these for meat on the liberty ships that came into our harbor. ...
     One day, we admitted a dark-skinned young man in fatigue clothing.  The Filipino ward lady who was undressing him and helping him into bed tried to speak to him in Tagalog dialect, but he did not respond.  Thinking that he was from a different area, she called over to one of out Filipino ward men , and said, "Joe - Ilocarno!"  Joe came over and spoke Ilocarno to the soldier, again with no response.  I looked at the soldier's dog-tag.  He was an American Indian from Montana.

     A recollection of Ken Rattle, an enlisted man from Wisconsin:  There was one time that one of the nurses caused me a little inconvenience.  This particular incident happened while I was in charge of sanitation at Rockhampton, Australia.  We used honey buckets there in the latrines.  We had both male and female latrines.  Also, nurses and male showers.  The nurses had their own, and the enlisted men and officers had theirs.  It took five or six enlisted men each day on this detail.  The nurses shower area was a wooden-framed building covered with canvas, with shower heads inside, of course.  It was my duty to check all latrines and showers each morning, for the necessary supplies.  If I remember, the nurses had to be done with the shower room at a certain time each morning, so I could do my duties.  I don't know if I jumped the gun, or my watch was wrong.  Whatever happened, I walked into the shower room and low and behold, there was a nurse in there showering.  I froze for a second, then I quietly backed out of the door hoping that she did not see me.  I don't think she did, as she was pretty well soaped up.  It was in sort of a wooded area, so I quietly tip-toed away.  After I came to my senses, I realized that I did not recognize her all soaped up.  So, I had to make myself scarce, yet stay in the area so I could identify her when she went back to her quarters.  It worked.  I knew who she was.  I probably felt as embarrassed as she.

     A recollection of Jim Colvin, (called "Wogee" (for warrant officer, junior grade) by Little Willie): We settled down in some cottages in Bagio and went about establishing our hospital.  While there, about the first or second night I created a situation which could have led to my demise by my fellow officers but cooler heads prevailed and my brains were preserved.  I was sleeping, safely ensconced in my cot enclosed by a net, when I was awakened by a squeaking sound.  I immediately turned on my flashlight and lo and behold, there was a rat - a very large rat - boldly sitting on top of a rocking chair swaying back and forth.  His eyes looked like balls of fire and his teeth were bared in a grin that sent shivers up and down my spine.  I hastily put out my flashlight - to let him do his thing - I'd stayed quietly and safely under the net.  No more than five minutes later, while in semi-stupor, I felt an animal - a rat specifically - tripping the light fantastic through my hair, which is quite a feat considering that I was then, as now, practically bald.  I let out a whoop that could have been heard for miles and the battle was on as to whether the rat or myself made it out of the bed first.  Naturally everyone in the cottage, burst furiously out of their beds, grabbing any kind of weapon, shouting and screaming "Who's attacking us?"  When it was ascertained that I was the "attacker" there was almost an on-the-spot execution, but fortunately cooler heads prevailed.

     Dr. Richard McIlroy recounted a funny story about Dr. Ray Nethery: We had with us a much-loved Captain, a very brave man, but also a great actor.  His bravery shone in New Guinea, but his acting surfaced in Rockhampton where we were stationed next to the 5th station Hospital which had a hypnotizing dentist.  We also had with us one Pete, a rump sprung stumpy who was always a day late and a dollar short.  He had seen the dentist at work and was sure he could emulate him and was proclaiming it, loudly, to our group. 
     "Okay," said the Captain, "hypnotize me."
     Pete went to work with incantations and fluttering hands.  In a moment, the captain, fixed in a stony stare, got up and strode out to his tent.  Once inside, he grabbed a tube of toothpaste and came out frothing at the mouth, waving a stick and yelling, "I've got to kill some body!"
     Down the street he ran with Pete after him shouting, "Captain!  Captain!  Wake up!" to no avail.  Finally the Captain fell to the ground, tripped by a tent rope into a believable convulsion.  Frantically Pete cried, "Baldy, speak to me!"
     Tiring from the convulsions, Baldy lay still while sweat ran off Pete's brow.  Then, loving hands picked him up to put him on his cot where he slowly awakened.  Pete brought him his breakfast in bed for a week.

Ed Gray, mentioned by Dr. Davies, modestly gave someone else the credit for making flags: At Biak Jake was the creator of the Jap flag operation in which we painted with mecurochrome red circles on pieces of silk parachute and traded them to the Navy.  Jake was the chief food scrounger and was a firm believer that any method which produced the desired result was perfectly okay.  He was unbeatable in bartering, stealing and was not above blackmail - if required.  He secured more material and food for the 92nd than any other person, and at no time did he do so for his personal benefit.  In the end he was busted and sent home.  I have tried, but have not been able to find him.

     Nurse "Griffie" McCully remembered the untiring work of the ward men on Owi during the scrub typhus outbreak: One very important thing I remember was the ward men who took such good care of the very, very sick patients with Typhus, carrying water from the bay to soak the sheets put around the patients to bring their temps down.  This is just one of the many, many chores they performed with such grace and energy.  ...  I remember with love, the people of the 92nd Evacuation Hospital Unit of WWII.

Joseph S. Smith, son of 92nd Evac veteran, Joseph T. Smith or Smitty, wrote a book about the chaplain who was with the 92nd Evac for much of their time overseas (and who organized the first reunions) entitled Our Padre: the Inspiring Life and Stories of Fr. Kilian Dreiling, C.PP.S WWII Army Chaplain.  His last chapter tells about the first reunion.  "It soon became apparent that there was a beautiful spirit being rekindled among the 92nd veterans.  This same spirit, which had been present 30 years ago, had gone almost unnoticed until now.  Only now, with hindsight filtered by time, could they really recognize it and appreciate it.  They had not just survived the war, they had labored together in miserable conditions to save thousands of lives.  Together, they had made their corner of the world a better place."

May God bless all of the people who have served our country, and their families, on this Memorial Day!

Friday, May 25, 2012

Casualties Pour In (65)

     At first, there isn't a lot of activity for the 92nd Evacuation Hospital, but that soon changes.  Easter is all but forgotten in the flurry.


March 19, 1945
Boats in Dagupan harbor
     To Dagupan shopping.  2 winnowing baskets for P 1.00 [$0.50].
     Yesterday I operated [on] a severe chest wound - 4, 5 and 6 ribs fract. [three of the middle ribs were fractured] by a tangential bullet wound [the bullet did not penetrate the chest], and a 4" rent in the pleura [the membrane surrounding the lungs].  Wired the ribs, sutured about half the pleura, closed 2 layers of muscle and fascia [fibrous tissue] to make it air tight.

March 20, 1945  Chest case fine.

March 21, 1945
     The guerrillas took San Fernando.  We are getting a few more casualties.  They are pushing the Japs in toward Baguio.  I wish we'd set up there - after it is safe!

March 22, 1945
     An ammo dump between Damortis and San Fabian was hit by Jap bombs and burned from 4 P.M. until morning. [According to a newspaper article, a Tokyo broadcast claimed Japanese planes had started 11 fires in the area]. We saw the planes.
Modified Rand McNally map showing Agoo (92nd Evac stationed) Dagupan (Gene visited), Damortis and San Fabian (ammo dump bombed) and Galiano (heavy fighting)

March 24, 1945  O.D. [officer of the day in charge of the hospital] last night.  Patton across the Rhine!

March 26, 1945  Palm Sunday - quiet day.  My chest case of a week ago up and walking around today!

March 29, 1945  More casualties.  The fighting for Baguio is no cinch!  Most casualties taken care of by clearing co.'s [clearing companies were sometimes links between the first aid stations and the evacuation hospitals, but they weren't set up for surgery].

30 March '45
Dear Folks [Beth's sister and brother-in-law, Mary X and John],
     My correspondence has been piling up on me, for I've been quite busy.  Things are a bit tough on the front we're near.  We haven't had so many fresh casualties as we have those who have been taken care of at the clearing stations, and then sent to us.  And we've had more of the fool Filipinos - kids and adults - who insist on monkeying with dud shells and fuses!
     Your [Christmas] Bulletin is most interesting and clever, though you make me blush!  I'll be darned if I see how all of you can keep up such a whirl of activities - it leaves me dizzy to think of it.  I'm certainly proud of Jim [the brother of Beth and Mary X] and his Bronze Star [awarded for meritorious service, the fourth-highest combat award in the armed services]!  The way things sound, he may get home for a while this year [Jim was in the Quartermaster Corp, which dealt in supplies for the whole army, in the European Theater].  I'm very much afraid I won't.  Probably I'll see China and maybe even Japan before this thing is over.  Except for a cold (the second in 6 weeks) I'm doing O.K.  Our food is good, for army life.  Food and mail are certainly better this war.
     Love, Eugene

Gene continues to briefly catalog his days in his diary:

March 31, 1945  [Holy Saturday] Fiesta day in Agoo!  I saw the feeble parade. Received a birthday card mailed Sept. 20 [Gene's birthday was October 15th].

April 1, 1945 [Easter]  Removed a fragment the size of a corn kernel from the Rt. temporal region - just thru the dura [the tough membrane surrounding the brain] into the brain.

April 2, 1945  Very busy.  Census 750.  Many casualties from 123 Reg. near Galiano.

April 3, 1945  Brain case rational and doing well.  I have 75 patients!  Not many casualties today.  Heavy rain last night.

April 4, 1945 Some Christmas packages - 6 months on the way!  Census 812

     Gene continues to catalog some of his cases: a lieutenant had a clip of cartridges explode against his left thigh; a guerrilla had a sucking wound in his chest; a little girl was full of grenade holes, probably from unwisely picking it up; a hole deflated his air mattress.  He fixes them all up.

April 11, 1945  Hot rumor.  We start closing this A.M., out of a clear sky.  Our census is 805!  But we received 115, evacuated 400!

April 12, 1945  Up at 1:45 to do a laparotomy [incision through the abdominal wall] - one hole in ileum [last part of the small intestine], couldn't find one in the rectum though blood by proctoscopic [exam] [looking up the rectum using an instrument like a hollow tube].  To bed at 5:30.

     Pretty worthless "hot rumor"!  The 92nd continues to receive casualties - 108 on April 15th, 182 on April 16th.  In the five weeks they have been in Agoo, 2501 patients have been admitted.  Two days later they worked on 46 cases between 5 P.M. and 2 A.M.


      None of the doctors from the 92nd Evac are alive, and not many of the nurses and ward men.  One outstanding exception is nurse "Little Willie", Althea Williams.  Her memories and some of the memories from the 92nd Evac Reunions will make up my next post, which will be on Memorial Day.






Wednesday, May 23, 2012

The Honorable John and Film Developing (64)

The 92nd Evacuation Hospital is once again close to the front lines.


14 March '45
Dear Folks [Beth's sister and brother-in-law, Mary X and John],
     Now I'm at a new place.  We are something like the old gambling houses (and such) of frontier days - following the crowd.  Our set of school buildings isn't as large this time, but good enough.  We aren't busy as yet, but no doubt will be.
Headquarters for the 92nd Evacuation Hospital in Agoo, Philippines
     The knife you sent me certainly takes a fine edge.  I spent about an hour on it, and it is very nearly razor sharp.  But I hope I won't have to use it on a Jap.  I did "spill" Jap blood you know - technically that is!  On our first campaign I amputated a Jap's leg.
     John, I've discovered that I can use regular 35 mm film in my camera by covering the "window" on the back and winding the film on a bare spool.  The resulting negative is 2 mm less wide, is the only difference.  My film is perforated only at intervals, and along only one side.  Buy counting "clicks" I can space the frames properly.  And the best of it is my tent mate has several hundred feet of the film!  I've started developing my own film, too.  Beth is sending me some DK20 [a high contrast film developer for black and white film].  I can use x-ray hypo [hypo sulfate, used as a fixer in film processing] .  Thanks a lot for the booklet!  It looks good.
     Love, Eugene

14 March '45
Dear Folks [Mary X and John],
     This is a continuation - I didn't get to tell you all I wanted!
     Beth may have written you that I went to see the sights in a city [Manila, but the censors wouldn't let him write that].  It was something to see large modern buildings burned and blasted to pieces.  We went thru a hotel [see post #63] where I'm certain Uncle John must have stayed at one time (or its predecessor) ["Uncle John" was the paternal uncle of Gene's brother-in-law John, the Honorable John W. Barrett, a larger-than-life diplomat and Dartmouth grad, who was the Minister to Siam under President Cleveland (when the little prince, Chulalongkorn, in The King and I was king), and a war correspondent and advisor to Admiral Dewey during the Spanish-American War in the Philippines; he later was involved in South American relations under President Theodore Roosevelt and served as the first Director-General of the Pan-American Union; he attended Beth and Gene's wedding in 1937 and died a year later].  The Japs had used it as a strong point, so you can imagine what it looked like.  I took 3 rolls of color.  Hope they turn out well.  ...
Gene on an overturned tank on the road to Manila
    Jack [the son of Mary X and John], in a box I'm sending Beth, there is a large numeral "3" on fabric from the tail of a Jap 2 motor fighter-bomber.  Also, a large thin metal plate [from an anti aircraft gun] with some ack-ack projectile plotting data on it, that I picked up along the waterfront.
     They were still gathering Jap bodies!  What a mess.  ...
     Love, Eugene

March 15, 1945  No wards assigned to me.  Little work.

March 16, 1945 
     Not busy as yet.  When the push up the coast for San Fernando starts, we will be.  Planes of all sorts go over every day.  Later we may move there.
     I'm developing my own [black and white] film now.

March 17, 1945  To Aringay, 10 km up the coast to see the sights.  The troops are 2 miles beyond.

What was happening just beyond Aringay:

YANKS WITHIN GUN RANGE OF BAGUIO, LUZON: 33rd Division Tightens Squeeze on Former Summer Capitol
     Manila, March 17 - (A.P.) - The Thirty-third division has rolled its heavy artillery to within eight miles of Baguio and can drop shells into the former Philippine commonwealth's summer capitol.
     The Thirty-third - a former Illinois national guard division - has tightened its nutcracker by pushing toward the famed mountain city from both west and south.
     Gen. Douglas MacArthur's communiqué reports that the Thirty-second division is probing the mountains from the southeast.
    ...  Installations around Baguio, Lieut. Gen. Tomoyuki Yamashita's headquarters, have been bombed and shelled heavily.  As yet the city has been spared.
     The advance of the Thirty-third has been slow - thirteen miles in a month - but the methodical gain has been made thru difficult mountain terrain filled with Japanese ambush parties.  The going has been made more difficult by the systematic blowing up of bridges although the 300-foot steel and concrete Aringay span was captured by a surprise night move.  ...
  

Monday, May 21, 2012

Manila (63)

Post card with bullet holes and an old registration card
picked up by Gene in the Manila Hotel
     Capt. Eugene Pfile barely squeaked in a trip to Manila before the 92nd Evacuation Hospital was moved from Guimba to Agoo, which was closer to the fighting.  During the move he didn't have much time to write letters.


March 6, 1945
     To Manila.  Stayed overnight at the 5th Field [Hospital] (Fawcett, in my class at N.W.[Northwestern University Medical School]),in the Ed. Bldg. at Santo Thomas University [a private, Roman Catholic university used as an internment camp by the Japanese until the Americans liberated the prisoners in February, 1945].  The oldest U. on U.S. soil [the Philippines was considered a U.S. protectorate until 1946], established about 1611.
     Saw the burned out city and other sights.  Went thru the Manila Hotel [considered the most luxurious hotel in the Philippines from its opening in 1912 until the Japanese occupation].
     I bought 3 sleeping mats (Buri palm fiber). P 5.00 [$2.50], 3 straw purses P 3.50 [$1.75], 3 Chinese embroidered handkerchiefs P 2.50 [$1.25], wooden shoes p 3.00 [$1.50].
     At the church of Quiapo, I bought 2 votary candles for 60 centavos [$0.30].  The Quiapo Church district was established in 1586 and the church built of bamboo and nipa palm.
     Saw the Malacaňan - the president's official house.  I took 3 rolls of Kodachrome, in all.
Street scene in unbombed section of Manila

Bombed out section of Manila
March 8, 1945  To move.  Stopped receiving.  Admitted [released?] about 1000 patients.

March 9, 1945 Closed hospital at Guimba [in his records, Gene states the 92nd Evac admitted 2,520 patients while in Guimba].

March 10, 1945  Packing up. 

March 11, 1945  Moved into bldg.  Tents down.

March 12, 1945 
     Moved 70 miles N along the coast to Agoo.  North of where we landed at San Fabian.  In a small school house at the east edge of town.  Rice paddies behind us for a half mile, then the hills, Mt. Santo Thomas [sic Tomas], on the other side [of the mountain] is Baguio.  There are barbed wire entanglements around town, and the street corner strong points that the Japs had to put up to defend themselves from the guerrillas.  The 33rd Div. captured this without trouble, a week ago.  The 33rd is moving up the coast, and from Rosario towards Baguio where the main Jap force is entrenched.
Modified Rand McNally map showing location of Guimba, San Fabian and Agoo


Friday, May 18, 2012

Spurs of Steel (62)

     In the following letters Gene updates his report on some of his patients and goes into more detail about the cock fights.

26 Feb. '45
Beloved,
     I'm sitting in surgery waiting for work.  [Maj.? Cy] Burroughs and I are on minor so we may not be so busy.  They are bringing them in by small planes.  That is a good deal, for we have a better place in which to work and the patients can still reach us very soon.  Besides, they don't get the jolting they would in an ambulance.  One poor fellow was hit through the belly yesterday afternoon and lay out all night before he was found.  I doubt if he makes it.  Today I got rid of most of my women and children patients for which I am just as glad.  Some of the relatives would darn near drive a person crazy.  The husband of the woman with the emphysema of the chest [see post # 59] brought me a watermelon today!  It's the color you'd call "rattlesnake color".  It's almost round and about the size of a volleyball.  I have it in the reefer cooling, or should I say chilling!  Which reminds me that the day was cloudy and cool.  We may be building up for a big rain.  Last night we received a batch of patients from a field hospital some miles away who had a big rainstorm and most of their tents went down!
     Later - Well, he died on the table.  Too bad, but he just didn't have a chance.  At one place the Japs made one of their banzai charges and our men mowed down 300 of them.  Ordinarily, the infantry likes nothing better than for the Japs to come out in the open.  Then they can really clean them up.  It is when the devils are so well dug in that it breaks their [the infantry's] hearts and they get discouraged.  The F. [Filipino] fellow I did the supra-pubic cystectomy [see post # 57] on a week ago began to bleed.  It came from the path of a bullet!  He was wounded over a month ago.  I finally got it stopped and decided it was from some veins.  I sewed them up and thought all O.K. then after supper about an hour later darn if it didn't bleed a little more, but pressure had stopped it before I came back to see.  So it goes.  They say one of the soldiers had one of his hands cut off by a saber - completely off!  This morning I took care of a little Chinese girl who had a bad wound of the knee and fractured tibia [upper leg bone] two weeks ago and no care for it.  Her mother was quite slant-eyed and rather pretty.  Poor kid will have a short leg for it hit the growing part of the bone.
     All my love, Eugene

March 1, 1945  Still getting a few casualties from the 6th Division.

March 3, 1945  We bought (Officers' club) 2 bottles of good Manila rum for P5.00 [$2.50] a bottle.  I sold one to [Maj.] Hiram [Armstrong].

4 March '45
Dear Folks [Beth's sister and brother-in-law, Mary X and John],
     Believe it or not, but your package came last evening!  The tin cans were a bit bashed in, but everything was O.K.  The knife and case is really a dandy [Gene had lost his knife some time earlier].  It certainly looks like excellent steel, and that is the most important thing.  I have a copy of the S.E. Asian map, so I put this one up on the wall in surgery for everyone to see.  The towel is just [the] right size.  Thanks so much for everything.
     Speaking of the knife reminds me of something I've been meaning to tell you, John.  I think you would like to use a machete, such as we have, on camping trips or around the yard.  I find it superior to an ax or hatchet in everything except chopping trees or driving stakes. It is really the handiest item for chopping brush or grass, leveling off the ground, cutting poles, stripping bark, etc., etc. ad infinitum. [After the war, Gene used his machete extensively in gardening, mainly for chopping up plants to put in the compost.] With an army belt, the sheath hangs at your hip, though usually we carry it on the side of our pack.  I had an Australian machete first, but it soon broke.  The U.S. True Temper [steel one] is fine.
     Your letter of Feb. 8 came 2 days ago.  It is a coincidence that you sent a picture of a cockfight, for I'd seen one last Sunday.  But I rather doubt that picture as being the real stuff.  The roosters pictured are not the real fighting games [gamecocks] which have a very small comb [actually, according to Wikipedia, the comb and wattle are often cut off].  But I didn't enjoy the spectacle.  3 jumps and the one cock was on his back, kicking his last!  But it was no wonder, the weapons used!  Why the single spur each wore is fully 3 inches long, slightly curved and about like a darning needle [the natural spur on the cock's left leg is partially removed and a metal knife or gaff is fastened on to that leg].  
Filipinos in Guimba waiting for the cock fight to begin
The fights go on all day Sunday, so I plan to go back today for some pictures.  It wasn't what you'd call colorful.  They are held in an arena, surrounded by bleachers, and there is a roof over it so the light isn't strong.  When I was there, at least 200 Filipinos and S.I.'s were present and excitement ran high, with lots of betting.  You could see that the cocks were accustomed to the ritual - sticking out their necks and ruffling their feathers at each other when placed on the ground, though retrained by the tail.  Their spurs had a large guard on each, until they were put down for combat.  When first put on the ground, they walked slowly around looking at the noisy crowd.  Their handlers gently shooed them a bit, then they took their stance "en guarde" and then bingo, up they went, flapping and kicking.  Down to the ground and up again.  The next time down the one cock staggered, but was game for another jump, but then he stayed down for good.  At least there is no arguing about the decision!  The actual fight didn't last 30 seconds.  I certainly wouldn't care for it as a regular thing!
     Later - I went to church then to the cockfights.  Our chaplain is Catholic, but if he is unable to obtain a protestant minister, he gives us the service himself.  He did a very fine job today.  At first he was very hesitant about doing it, but he was told that in the Army he was first of all a chaplain!
     There were no cockfights going on, so we left.  But I did ask to see the spurs [gaffs].  What weapons!  The blade is 3 1/2 inches long and about 3/8 inches wide, hollow ground and sharp as a razor along one edge and the tip.  They cost P10.00 [$5.00] apiece!
     Tuesday a few of us plan to go sightseeing in a large city [Manila, but the censors won't let him write that].  Our C.O. is allowing us to go, a few at a time.  We plan to stay overnight with some hospital outfit, and return the next day.
     I'm pleased that you thought my pictures O.K.  By the time I get to see them, I'll feel as though I had never seen the spot, I suppose!  They would be better, I believe, if I had more time to spend taking them.  for example, the other day I had a free spell, so I walked about 1/2 mile or less from town and took a roll in about 20 minutes.  I had reconnoitered the area once, kept watching for a time when the mountains would be clear to make a background.  And a certain number of pictures I take are of the very ordinary things, and very drab therefore as to color, but it gives an idea of the average sights.  So far I've seen only a very few flowers - small vines of bougainvilleas, and a few others. 
Yard of a thatched house in Guimba
People in this area use their yards (in town, too) as a parking place for carts, bed down their carabao, run the pigs, chickens and children, etc.!  There is little greenery at this time of year.  The rice fields are losing their yellow-gold tint, for one of gray as the straw ages.  Even the bamboo trees are losing part of their color.  I hope I get to go to some of the mountain valleys some time.  They say it is about like Colorado.  I'm getting a lot more people in the pictures here, for it is easy.  People are everywhere yo go - fields or towns!  I never saw such crowded spots!
     No doubt your Spring weather is close at hand.  It often is in the 90's around noontime, here!
     Again, thanks very much for the gifts!
     Love, Eugene

Wednesday, May 16, 2012

Dinner with a Filipino Family (61)

Gene's letter from February 25, 1945, to Beth continues:

     What a time I'm having with my civilians!  They don't want to be moved to the civilian hospital and to be taken care of by the Filipino doctors.  That is flattering to us, but hardly possible to grant.  Most of them will be moved tomorrow except my two sickest ones - the thyrotoxic woman [her thyroid is producing too much hormone due to a tumor, Graves disease, or something else] and the little girl with osteo [osteolysis or degeneration of the bone due to bone cancer, TB, or something else].  The woman is so much better this evening that I'm encouraged.  The little girl is some better.  Then I also received a woman with tetanus [also called "lockjaw", it is an infection by a type of bacteria that often enters through puncture wounds and causes prolonged muscle contractions, usually starting with the jaw, and often without treatment ends in death ].  She had her foot amputated somewhere else.  After the antitoxin yesterday and today she is practically over the tetanus.  Amazing!  This evening after supper, I was surprised when the one nurse, Mrs. Vigilian who gave me the fan, invited me to supper at her house - and to see her mother!  Her brother in the guerrillas is coming home today and they are having a roast pig.  Darn if I know if I'll be able to eat very much.  Anyway, it's an opportunity I don't want to miss.  Her mother has ulcers but since she's 51 and this started in 1941 with vomiting of blood, I'm afraid it may be a malignancy.  But I'll be glad to "sing for my supper" [and examine her].

Street in Guimba, with a thatch-roofed, bamboo house (and pigs!)
     This will be the first time I've "dressed up" for a long time.  When I went to the fancy tea, I had no other clothes to which to change.  Dress up will consist of putting on clean pants and shirt and my other pair of shoes! 
     Later - Well, that was very interesting.  They called for me at 6 instead of 7 in a guerrilla command car.  Her husband is a fine clean cut chap.  He had finished two years of Law Prep School when the war started.  Since then he's been a Sgt. in the guerrillas.  He saluted me before he shook hands!  They live only a few blocks from the hospital.  It is a typical F. [Filipino] house - bamboo and thatch, bare floor but plenty of chairs and seats.  There must have been a couple of dozen there, not counting children, about half GI's.  They said that before they invited me they hadn't known there would be so many!  I met her father, mother, uncle (who is head of the local high school), brother-in-law who commands a guerrilla squadron and some others.  It was quite noisy, but I talked to the husband about various items. 
     Pretty soon they asked me to come into the next room and eat.  There was a long bare table set with large platters of rice and other food.  They said most of the others had eaten, so there were only about 6 eating.  I was placed at the head of the table!  They asked if I cared for wine so I said certainly.  But by golly I'd call it brandy!  It is made from sugar cane juice and distilled.  I was the only one to get some and they said it was pre-war.  I felt the honored guest.  The main dish was plates of barbecued pig!  He explained how they split it and put rice in the body cavity and roasted it over a fire.  It was quite good.  Sure was a good sauce, not too hot - of what, I don't know.  Then there was some stewed goat meat.  There was hard rice and soft rice.  They eat with a fork in the left hand and a large spoon in the right and no knife.      
     Then she brought up her mother and we went into another room to talk.  All I can determine is that she has an atonic type of constipation [atonic constipation occurs when the muscles of the large intestine become weakened, but the muscles don't spasm].  She was quite dark in color.  I told them to bring her to the hospital tomorrow for further examination. 
     The nurse and her husband are Methodists!  We talked a while longer and they gave me some "turnips" to eat raw.  But they are a lot better than ours, being quite sweet and succulent [it was probably jicama, which is called a turnip in the Philippines].  They gave me some to bring back and brought me home about 8 o'clock so it was an interesting experience.  Their law, medical and nursing courses are quite comparable to ours in length of time, etc.  Among themselves they habitually speak the local dialect.  They have quite an accent when they speak English.  The girls all seemed rather shy around the soldiers and were rather quiet.  Maybe that is just when their elders are around.  It is easy to see that the people are quite poor, but everything seemed to be very clean.  For lamps, they had small bottles of kerosene and a round wick up through the cap and no chimney.  I had no qualms about eating their food.  But golly, that shot they poured for me was a stiff one.
     ...  All my love, Eugene